Computer networks: a complete guide from basics to business networks

A network is what a company and a household really run on these days. When it works, nobody notices it. When it goes down, everything stops: the till, the cameras, the printer and the internet. Over the years we have built and fixed hundreds of networks, and most problems come down to the same handful of things.
This is a hub page. It pulls together our articles on networks, from the very basics to business setups, so you can get your bearings and click straight to whatever you are dealing with. You do not have to read all of it, just pick a topic.
The basics: what a network is made of
If you are starting from scratch, it pays to grasp a few terms. The most common mix-up is what a router, switch and hub each do, and how a router differs from a WiFi router. Once you have that, the rest makes sense much faster.
- Network basics: IP address, mask, gateway and broadcast
- What an IP address is and how to find yours
- What DNS is: the phone book of the internet
- IPv4 vs IPv6: what the difference is
- What is a LAN (local area network) and how it differs from WAN
- What is NAT (network address translation)
- What is a port in a computer network
- What is TTL and where you will come across it
The internet: connection and speed
This is where most misunderstandings start. People pay for a higher plan and it still stutters, because the problem is not the speed but somewhere else. Start with what megabits actually mean and how many you really need and why download and upload are different.
- Fibre (FTTH): why fibre is the future
- GPON, EPON and XGS-PON: how passive optical networks work
- Why DSL and VDSL have slow upload
- Which internet provider to choose in Liptov
- Provider router vs your own: worth swapping?
- Internet to a remote area: LTE, Starlink and fixed wireless
- Backup connection (failover): when the internet drops
WiFi: so it works everywhere, not just next to the router
Wireless is where most complaints come from. The good news is that most of them can be solved without buying a pricier box. First read why a stronger router does not exist and where to place WiFi and why a WiFi repeater belongs in the bin.
- How to improve home Wi-Fi: what works and what is a myth
- Congested WiFi and channels 1, 6, 11
- Mesh Wi-Fi: signal across the whole house
- WiFi b, g, n: which standard to stop using
- Wifi 6 and Wifi 7: when to upgrade
- Weak mobile signal? Call over WiFi (VoWiFi)
Cables, switches and hardware
When you are building or renovating, the decisions here will stay with you for years. The first question is always when to run a cable and when Wi-Fi is enough. If you do run cable, you need to know which Cat type to use.
- Managed vs unmanaged switch: which to pick
- PoE: one cable for a camera and a WiFi point
- 2.5G and 10G ethernet: when a faster network makes sense
- How many switch ports and sockets in a new build
- Where to place the network cabinet
Business network and security
In a company it is no longer just about the internet working. It is about a customer on the guest WiFi not seeing into your accounting, and about important traffic not getting choked. The foundation is separating networks with VLAN, followed by trunk and access ports.
- What a VPN is and what it really does
- Ubiquiti UniFi: an ecosystem for a modern business network
- MikroTik CAPsMAN: central management of WiFi points
- QoS: prioritising traffic for calls and gaming
- Port forwarding
- Monitoring tools: Zabbix, Nagios and others
When to leave it to us
A lot of the above you can handle yourself, which is exactly why we wrote it. But there is a line beyond which doing it yourself stops paying off: when the whole network needs designing, cabling needs running, and VLANs and business WiFi need setting up so it works for years without you. That is when it is cheaper to call someone who does it every day.
For households we handle computer networks and Wi-Fi, for companies network management and monitoring. We are from Liptov, so we really do come to you when needed.
Not sure where to start, or want the network built properly from the off? Get in touch, we will go through your situation with no obligation and advise you.
Need help with IT?
We will take care of your computers, networks and security - for businesses and households in the Liptov region.
Contact us